returns to earth to carry out judgment and establish his kingdom based in Jerusalem (Zech. 14:16).12 Among the Hebrew prophets, the day of the Lord was the occasion when God would defeat Israel’s enemies and the Israelites would eat from the spoils of war. Zephaniah offers a vivid description of this day, but instead of it being when God takes on the enemies of Judah, Judah becomes the victim of the day of the Lord, not the beneficiary of it.13 Instead of being invited to participate in the glorious